Effect of Gut Microbiota on Metabolic and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Document Type : Review Article/ Systematic Review Article/ Meta Analysis

Authors

1 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

2 Department of Anesthesiology, Razavi Hospital, Mashhad, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, 9 Dey Educational Hospital, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran

4 Department of Extra-Corporeal Circulation (ECC), Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

5 Department of Extra-Corporeal Circulation (ECC), Razavi Hospital, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Background: The gastrointestinal microbiota is pivotal in cardiovascular surgery outcomes.
 
Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize current evidence regarding the impact of gut microbiota on postoperative metabolomic markers and patient recovery.
 
Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive query was conducted on MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane's CENTRAL databases. Studies involving patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery and reporting on gut microbiota were included. Data extraction focused on study characteristics and metabolomic outcomes. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) assessed the risk of bias.
 
Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 530 patients. Meta-analysis revealed that a beneficial gut microbiota profile is associated with less increase in LDL cholesterol (Mean Difference: 14.4 mg/dL, SE: 0.816), a smaller decrease in HDL cholesterol (Mean Difference: -4.9 mg/dL, SE: 0.437), a lower rise in triglycerides (Mean Difference: 11.2 mg/dL, SE: 0.552), and a reduced elevation in c-reactive protein (CRP) levels (Mean Difference: 2.4 mg/L, SE: 0.291) post-surgery. The overall risk of bias ranged from moderate to low across studies.
 
Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, gut microbiota composition significantly affected lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses post-cardiovascular surgery. A favorable microbiota profile may provide a protective effect against postoperative complications. These insights underline the potential for microbiota-modulating interventions in enhancing cardiovascular surgery outcomes.
 

Keywords

References

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Razavi International Journal of Medicine
Volume 12, Issue 1
March 2024
Pages 10-16

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